Frequently Asked Questions

SYSTEM 3E is a revolutionary technology for building eco-friendly, energy-efficient, and cost-effective walls in all types of buildings. It’s built on the innovative SYSTEM 3E Elements, which feature two key advancements:

1. Perlite-Based Material: This unique material makes SYSTEM 3E the thinnest and most thermally efficient single-layer wall system available in Europe, offering superior insulation properties.
2. Unique Block Shape: The clever design of the elements, including a Morse taper on the joining surfaces, enables fast, dry-stack installation with no need for mortar. This means quicker, more efficient construction with less mess and minimal disruption.

The geometry of the blocks eliminates any movement between them, ensuring the finished walls are strong, secure, and highly durable. SYSTEM 3E walls are recognised for their exceptional fire resistance and impact strength, achieving the highest possible fire rating (REI-240+M).

Additionally, the manufacturing process uses minimal energy and water, making both the products and the finished buildings environmentally friendly and sustainable.

SYSTEM 3E is a step forward in building technology, offering a smarter, greener way to construct safe, energy-efficient homes and commercial spaces.

SYSTEM 3E stands out as the only manufacturer of shaped structural elements made from natural perlite. Introduced to the market in 2018, this groundbreaking technology is protected by multiple patents covering its composition, design, and manufacturing process, with intellectual property rights across the Australia, European Union, USA, China, India, and Eurasia.

Here’s what makes SYSTEM 3E technology truly unique:

Innovative Material and Design

The key innovations behind SYSTEM 3E are twofold:

1. Perlite-Based Material: Perlite is a lightweight, natural aggregate that gives SYSTEM 3E walls their remarkable thermal and acoustic insulation properties. As a result, SYSTEM 3E offers the thinnest and warmest single-layer walls in Europe, outperforming traditional construction materials.
2. Unique Shape and Fast Installation: SYSTEM 3E elements are designed with a Morse taper geometry on the surfaces where adjacent blocks join. This eliminates any movement between the blocks, ensuring high strength and stability. The design also enables a quick, dry-stack installation process, reducing construction time and eliminating the need for mortar.

Superior Performance and Sustainability

• Durability and Strength: SYSTEM 3E walls are exceptionally strong and load-bearing, with above-average performance in terms of both thermal insulation and structural integrity. This means no need for additional thermal insulation layers.
• Healthy Indoor Environment: The material’s low water absorption, high vapor permeability, and stable pH contribute to a healthy microclimate within homes and buildings. Perlite-based walls reduce moisture build-up, ensuring a dry and robust structure over its lifetime.
• Energy Efficiency: The thermal insulation properties of SYSTEM 3E significantly reduce the need for additional heating or cooling. Buildings constructed with this technology provide excellent energy performance, leading to long-term savings on energy bills—particularly in hot climates where cooling costs are high, and in colder climates where heating is essential.

Eco-Friendly Production Process

SYSTEM 3E’s production process is designed with sustainability in mind:

• Minimal Water Use: The production and construction processes use very little water, making it highly eco-friendly.
• Low CO2 Emissions: SYSTEM 3E’s production generates minimal carbon emissions, helping to reduce the environmental impact of construction.
• 100% Recyclable: All materials used in the construction process are fully recyclable, and the system produces minimal waste at the construction site. This reduces the need for extra materials like insulation and mortar.

Building for the Future

With SYSTEM 3E technology, homes and commercial buildings are not only stronger and more energy-efficient but also built with the environment in mind. The combination of high thermal performance, ecological production processes, and sustainable materials makes SYSTEM 3E a truly innovative solution for modern, green construction.

In short, SYSTEM 3E represents the future of building technology: eco-friendly, efficient, and safe—for the planet and for the people who live and work in the spaces we create.

The competitiveness of SYSTEM 3E technology comes from its innovative design, unique material, and efficient production process, all of which offer significant advantages over traditional construction methods.

Key Benefits of SYSTEM 3E Technology:

• Versatile Application: SYSTEM 3E is ideal for both external and internal load-bearing walls. Its mortarless design makes the construction process faster and more efficient, dramatically reducing build time.
• Faster Construction: The elimination of mortar in wall assembly speeds up the entire building process, reducing delays on-site and lowering the reliance on skilled labor. This leads to cost savings and quicker project completion.
• Modular and Precise: SYSTEM 3E’s modular system ensures precision in construction, reducing the risk of errors and incompatibilities between elements. This simplifies the architectural and structural design process, making it easier for designers and builders to work with.
• Durability and Sustainability: The mortar-free assembly not only improves the durability of the structure but also reduces waste on-site, contributing to more sustainable building practices.
• Slim, Insulating Walls: The 352mm thick single-layer walls offer high thermal insulation properties, eliminating the need for additional insulation materials as outlined in the Technical Data Sheet. This reduces both material costs and the time needed for installation.
• Lightweight for Easy Handling: The lightweight perlite-based material used in SYSTEM 3E elements makes them easy to handle and transport, eliminating the need for heavy machinery on-site and reducing logistics costs.
• Loss of Floor Space: Gaining a highly thermal and efficient house saves you money on electricity and gas with a passive house.
• Superior Safety and Strength: SYSTEM 3E elements offer excellent load-bearing capacity and high fire resistance, ensuring the safety of the structure and its occupants. The walls meet rigorous safety standards, offering enhanced protection against fire and structural failure.
• Enhanced Durability: Thanks to the low water absorption and high vapour permeability of SYSTEM 3E elements, buildings constructed with this technology are more resistant to frost, moisture, and dimensional changes. This improves the overall longevity and stability of the building.

Conclusion:

SYSTEM 3E is highly competitive in today’s construction market due to its combination of efficiency, precision, safety, and sustainability. It delivers faster, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly solutions, making it a superior choice for modern construction projects.

SYSTEM 3E is a versatile building technology designed for a wide range of wall structures across various types of buildings. It is suitable for use in single-family homes, multi-family residences,public utility buildings, and industrial facilities. The SYSTEM 3E EKO+ technology is particularly suited for both load-bearing and non-load-bearing walls in low-rise buildings. Additionally, the same high-performance elements can be used as infill or internal walls in high-rise concrete buildings.

Primary Applications of SYSTEM 3E EKO+ Technology:

• Single-Layer Load-Bearing External Walls
• Double and Multi-Layer Load-Bearing External Walls
• Load-Bearing Internal Walls
• Non-Load Bearing Partitions
• Basement and Partition Walls

In High-Rise Construction (Mid-Rise, High-Rise, and Skyscrapers):

SYSTEM 3E can be effectively used as infill within concrete structures and as internal partitions. Direct applications include:

• Non-Load Bearing External Walls
• Non-Load Bearing Internal Walls

Additional Specific Applications:

SYSTEM 3E EKO+ technology is also ideal for specialized uses, such as:

• Fire Separations
• Retaining Walls
• Infill for Steel Structures

With its flexibility and range of applications, SYSTEM 3E provides a highly adaptable and efficient solution for modern construction, whether for low-rise homes or high-rise commercial buildings.

SYSTEM 3E is a versatile building technology designed for a wide range of wall structures across various types of buildings. It is suitable for use in single-family homes, multi-family residences,public utility buildings, and industrial facilities. The SYSTEM 3E EKO+ technology is particularly suited for both load-bearing and non-load-bearing walls in low-rise buildings. Additionally, the same high-performance elements can be used as infill or internal walls in high-rise concrete buildings.

Primary Applications of SYSTEM 3E EKO+ Technology:

• Single-Layer Load-Bearing External Walls
• Double and Multi-Layer Load-Bearing External Walls
• Load-Bearing Internal Walls
• Non-Load Bearing Partitions
• Basement and Partition Walls

In High-Rise Construction (Mid-Rise, High-Rise, and Skyscrapers):

SYSTEM 3E can be effectively used as infill within concrete structures and as internal partitions. Direct applications include:

• Non-Load Bearing External Walls
• Non-Load Bearing Internal Walls

Additional Specific Applications:

SYSTEM 3E EKO+ technology is also ideal for specialized uses, such as:

• Fire Separations
• Retaining Walls
• Infill for Steel Structures

With its flexibility and range of applications, SYSTEM 3E provides a highly adaptable and efficient solution for modern construction, whether for low-rise homes or high-rise commercial buildings.

SYSTEM 3E EKO+ elements are designed for mortar-free construction in most cases, with the exception of the first layer (which should be mortared to the foundations, higher floors, and above lintels). The technology includes 37 unique types of elements, each tailored for specific use in line with the technical design project. It’s essential that the design project is prepared by a qualified design office and follows both the SYSTEM 3E technical guidelines and local building regulations.

When using SYSTEM 3E EKO+ elements, the following practical rules should be observed during construction:

1. First Layer Installation:
   The first layer of S0 and S0 300 elements should be laid using cement or lime-cement mortar to ensure a strong and rigid connection between the SYSTEM 3E structure and the foundations.
2. Waterproofing Layer:
   Before stacking the first layer, a thin layer of horizontal waterproofing should be applied to the foundation to prevent moisture from affecting the structure.
3. Subsequent Layers:
   Following the first layer, the rest of the layers (such as S1, S1/2, etc.) should be stacked mortar-free, following the layout specified in the technical construction plan.
4. Surface Preparation:
   Before stacking each new layer, ensure that any dirt, dust, or imperfections that may affect the bonding and quality of the work are removed from the surface.
5. Final Layer Under Lintels and Reinforced Concrete Tie Bands:
   The final layer, placed under lintels and reinforced concrete tie bands, should also be stacked mortar-free. Be sure to clean the surface thoroughly before continuing with further work.
6. Element Storage and Handling:
   SYSTEM 3E EKO+ elements must not be used if wet, frozen, or covered by frost or snow. Ensure that elements are dry and stored in conditions that protect them from moisture.
7. Wall Protection:
   Newly constructed walls must be protected from excessive dampness and displacement when work is paused or discontinued.
8. Health and Safety Compliance:
   Always follow the local health and safety regulations during construction. This includes proper handling of materials, ensuring worker safety, and following recommended construction procedures.

By adhering to these guidelines, you will ensure that the construction process is efficient, safe, and in line with the high standards set by SYSTEM 3E technology. This will help optimise the performance and durability of the finished structure.

SYSTEM 3E technology offers significant cost savings throughout the construction process, thanks to its innovative design and efficient use of resources. The key factors that contribute to these savings include:

1. Reduced Construction Time

One of the most significant savings comes from the dramatic reduction in construction time. For example, building walls for a house with an area of 145 m² using traditional methods may take up to 14 days. In contrast, the same walls can be completed in just 1 day to mortar the first layer another a second day to install the walls using SYSTEM 3E technology. This time-saving extends across the entire construction process—building the shell and core of a house traditionally takes at least 6 months, whereas with SYSTEM 3E, it can be completed in just 3 months (assuming no unforeseen delays).

2. Reduced Labour Costs

Another advantage of SYSTEM 3E technology is that it doesn’t require specialised construction crews. Traditional methods often demand skilled workers, which can be difficult to find and expensive to hire. With SYSTEM 3E, the construction process is so simple and efficient that almost anyone can participate after a short training session. This reduces reliance on highly skilled labour, resulting in further savings on labour costs.

3. Faster Project Completion and Lower Overheads

With a faster construction timeline, there are fewer trades, associated costs with long-term project management, on-site equipment, and worker accommodation. These reduced overheads make the overall project more cost-effective.

SYSTEM 3E technology is designed with sustainability at its core, offering a range of environmental benefits. Here’s why it’s a truly eco-friendly building solution:

1. Natural, Sustainable Material – Perlite

The primary material in SYSTEM 3E elements is perlite, a natural volcanic mineral. Perlite has a neutral pH of 7, making it highly resistant to mould, algae, and fungi. This not only promotes healthier living environments but also makes it an ideal choice for those suffering from allergies or asthma. As a naturally occurring material, perlite is abundant and sustainable, reducing the need for synthetic alternatives that can harm the environment.

2. No Harmful Insulation Materials

Unlike traditional construction methods, SYSTEM 3E technology does not require the use of insulating materials such as polystyrene or mineral wool. These materials are not only difficult to recycle but can contribute to environmental degradation. By eliminating the need for these materials, SYSTEM 3E helps reduce waste and supports a cleaner, greener construction process.

3. Environmentally Neutral Production Process

The production of SYSTEM 3E elements at our factory in Radomsko is entirely environmentally neutral. Our manufacturing process is designed to minimise environmental impact, and we take extra care to ensure that no harmful fumes, smoke, or pollutants are released into the atmosphere. This commitment to clean production ensures that every stage of the building process aligns with our eco-friendly principles.

4. Social Responsibility and Sustainability

At SYSTEM 3E, we are committed to social responsibility and environmental sustainability. We ensure that our production methods do not contribute to air or water pollution, and we strive to operate in a way that respects both the planet and the communities we serve.

Conclusion:

SYSTEM 3E technology is not only about building strong, energy-efficient structures but also about creating a healthier, more sustainable environment. With its use of natural materials, elimination of harmful insulation products, and environmentally conscious manufacturing process, SYSTEM 3E is a smart choice for eco-conscious builders and homeowners who care about the planet.

At SYSTEM 3E, we take a holistic approach to energy efficiency, considering the environmental impact of our products throughout their entire life cycle—from resource extraction and manufacturing to end-of-life and recycling. This focus ensures that our technology not only performs well during use but also contributes to a sustainable future.

1. Low Energy and Water Consumption in Production

The production of SYSTEM 3E elements requires minimal energy and water, making it highly resource-efficient. By reducing the consumption of these vital resources, we help conserve energy and reduce our environmental footprint, aligning with our commitment to sustainability.

2. Non-Toxic, Waste-Free Construction

SYSTEM 3E technology demonstrates that construction can be free from toxic chemicals and excessive waste. The materials we use are non-toxic, and the production process is designed to minimize the environmental impact. This approach not only benefits the health of the occupants but also reduces harmful emissions and pollutants often associated with traditional construction methods.

3. Circular Product Life Cycle

One of the key features of SYSTEM 3E technology is its high recycling potential. The materials used in SYSTEM 3E elements can be easily recycled, contributing to a circular product life cycle. This means that once a building reaches the end of its life, the materials can be repurposed or reused, reducing landfill waste and promoting the sustainable reuse of resources.

4. Energy Efficiency in Use

Once installed, SYSTEM 3E walls provide superior thermal insulation, reducing the need for additional heating or cooling. This leads to significant energy savings for homeowners and businesses, especially in climates with extreme temperatures. The system’s energy-efficient design helps to lower energy consumption, reduce utility bills, and create more comfortable indoor environments.

Conclusion:

SYSTEM 3E technology is not only energy-efficient during its use but is also designed with sustainability in mind at every stage of its life cycle. With its minimal energy and water consumption during production, use of non-toxic materials, and circular recycling potential, SYSTEM 3E sets a new standard for eco-friendly, energy-efficient construction.

SYSTEM 3E elements are made from a carefully designed blend of natural perlite and mineral binders. While the exact formulation is a proprietary business secret, the mix is engineered to harness the outstanding properties of perlite, ensuring maximum performance across a range of benefits.

Key Properties of SYSTEM 3E Elements:

• Thermal Resistance: Perlite withstands temperatures ranging from 200°C to 900°C, providing superior fire resistance and ensuring structural integrity even under extreme heat.
• Chemical Inertness: Perlite is chemically stable and resistant to most chemicals, making it an ideal material for a wide range of environments.
• Sound Absorption: The material offers excellent sound insulation properties, helping to create quieter, more comfortable living and working spaces.
• Moisture Resistance: SYSTEM 3E elements resist moisture and provide protection against mould, algae, and fungi, ensuring long-term durability and healthy indoor air quality.
• Vapour Permeability: Perlite allows for natural moisture regulation, helping to maintain a stable, healthy indoor climate by preventing condensation and moisture buildup.
• Volumetric Stability: SYSTEM 3E elements retain their shape and integrity over time, offering reliable performance and resilience.
• Pest Resistance: The material provides natural protection against insects and rodents, contributing to the longevity and safety of the building.

Environmental and Health Benefits:

Thanks to its natural composition, SYSTEM 3E elements are non-toxic, making them safe for both human health and the environment. The materials are ecologically friendly, free from harmful chemicals, and help create a healthier indoor environment while reducing the ecological footprint of construction.

In summary, SYSTEM 3E elements combine the unique advantages of perlite with mineral binders to deliver a product that is durable, energy-efficient, and environmentally friendly—providing a safe, sustainable solution for modern construction needs.

What is the Mechanical Performance of SYSTEM 3E Elements?

The mechanical performance of construction materials plays a crucial role in determining their application in the building industry and influencing the durability of structures. The European standards for material use provide design guidelines that are essential when preparing construction projects. These standards help ensure that materials meet specific requirements, which are followed in the design and engineering processes.

Key Mechanical Properties of SYSTEM 3E Elements

The mechanical strength of SYSTEM 3E EKO+ elements is defined by various performance parameters, which are essential for assessing their suitability in different structural applications. The data provided below compares the mechanical properties of SYSTEM 3E elements with other common construction materials, such as autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC), ceramic bricks, and silicate blocks.

Compressive Strength

The standardised compressive strength (fb) and characteristic strength (fk) of SYSTEM 3E elements are comparable to those of structures made with autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC). This ensures that SYSTEM 3E elements are strong enough to be used in load-bearing walls for both external and internal applications in various types of buildings.

Flexural and Shear Strength

When it comes to flexural strength (both perpendicular (fxk) and parallel (fxk||) to the plane) and shear strength (fvk), SYSTEM 3E elements exceed or match the performance of other high-strength materials, such as silicate and ceramic blocks. These superior flexural and shear strength properties ensure that SYSTEM 3E elements provide robust and stable structures, even under stress.

Performance in Real-World Applications

The values presented are based on testing reports from model structures constructed with SYSTEM 3E elements. These tests serve as the foundation for designing structures in compliance with the Eurocode 6 standards, which are the current guidelines for designing masonry structures within the EU.

Conclusion:

With comparable or superior strength properties in key areas such as compressive, flexural, and shear strength, SYSTEM 3E EKO+ elements are well-suited for use in load-bearing walls in a variety of residential and commercial buildings. These elements not only meet the required structural standards but also provide high durability, ensuring that SYSTEM 3E technology can be used for single-family homes, multi-family buildings, and beyond—across the entire European Union.

The dimensions of SYSTEM 3E elements are specified in the declaration of performance and supporting CE marking documentation. These dimensions are provided as nominal values and include dimensional tolerances, which account for minor production variations. This means the actual dimensions of each element fall within the specified tolerance range. The manufacturer is required to declare certain parameters such as surface flatness (maximum deviation from a plane) and surface parallelism (deviation from parallel planes), which reflect the tolerances inherent in the production process.

High Dimensional Stability of SYSTEM 3E Elements

While masonry units available in the market often exhibit significant dimensional tolerances and variations, SYSTEM 3E elements stand out due to their exceptional dimensional stability. Thanks to advanced high-precision manufacturing processes, SYSTEM 3E elements are produced with high accuracy, ensuring that the dimensions remain within tight tolerances compared to other materials like AAC or ceramic blocks.

Benefits of Precise Dimensions

The precise dimensional accuracy of SYSTEM 3E elements leads to numerous advantages during construction:

• Reduced mortar consumption: The minimal dimensional deviations mean less mortar is needed to fill gaps, reducing material costs and construction time.
• Improved thermal insulation: Tight dimensional tolerances contribute to better-fitting elements, enhancing the overall thermal efficiency of the walls.
• Easier construction: With consistent dimensions, the process of laying walls is simpler and faster, reducing the risk of errors or discrepancies during installation.
• Less plastering material: Accurate dimensions minimise the need for excess plaster when finishing walls.

Impact of Dimensional Inaccuracies in Traditional Masonry

In contrast, masonry elements with high dimensional tolerances—which can sometimes deviate by up to 10 mm in length, width, and height—can lead to several challenges:

• Increased mortar consumption during construction
• Additional material use during wall plastering
• Potential inconsistencies between the planned and actual dimensions of the finished structure, leading to logistical complications and the risk of structural misalignments

Moisture-Induced Deformation: Expansion and Shrinkage

Masonry elements also undergo expansion when they absorb moisture and shrinkage as they dry. These dimensional changes can impact the long-term integrity of a structure. Manufacturers are required to declare these moisture-related parameters in the performance documentation of their products. However, SYSTEM 3E elements feature a porous-cellular structure that minimises the impact of moisture fluctuations, offering competitive expansion and shrinkage values compared to other masonry materials.

Conclusion

SYSTEM 3E elements are designed to offer outstanding dimensional accuracy, which results in reduced material consumption, easier construction, and improved building performance. With precise manufacturing tolerances and excellent moisture stability, SYSTEM 3E provides a reliable, high-quality solution for modern construction that ensures long-term structural integrity and enhanced energy efficiency.

Water Absorption of SYSTEM 3E Elements

SYSTEM 3E elements are made from ultra-lightweight aggregate concrete and have one of the lowest water absorption rates compared to other commonly used building materials. This means that the walls built with SYSTEM 3E technology are highly resistant to moisture and are free from the adverse effects commonly associated with water absorption, such as mould growth, degradation, and damage to finishes.

Comparison to Other Materials

When comparing the water absorption characteristics of SYSTEM 3E elements to other materials used in construction, SYSTEM 3E stands out for its superior moisture resistance. This is a key advantage, especially in regions with high humidity or where external walls are exposed to rain, snow, or other environmental factors.

Conclusion

Thanks to their low water absorption rate, SYSTEM 3E elements help to create moisture-resistant walls that protect buildings from degradation and health risks associated with damp environments. By choosing SYSTEM 3E technology, you ensure that your construction is durable, healthy, and resistant to the damaging effects of moisture.

Acoustic insulation measures the extent to which incoming sound energy is blocked by a building partition, preventing noise from passing through to the other side. Effective acoustic insulation is essential for creating comfortable living and working environments, especially in areas with high levels of noise. When assessing acoustic performance, different indicators are used based on the source of the noise:

• RA1 is used to assess the acoustic insulation of internal partitions and focuses on sources of domestic noise, such as conversations, music, radio, TV, children playing, as well as moderate-speed railway traffic, expressway traffic, jet aircraft at low altitudes, and industrial noise emitting medium- and high-frequency sounds.
• RA2 is used to evaluate the acoustic insulation of external partitions from sources like urban traffic, low-speed railway traffic, helicopters, distant jet aircraft, nightclub music, and industrial facilities emitting primarily low- and medium-frequency noise.

Additionally, the Rw value, which is determined under laboratory conditions, provides a baseline measure for both RA1 and RA2 ratings.

Acoustic Insulation in SYSTEM 3E Elements

Due to its unique material composition, SYSTEM 3E offers excellent acoustic isolation. The weighted average sound insulation index for SYSTEM 3E elements is 45 dB, providing strong protection against noise. Specifically:

• RA1 (Internal Partitions): 44 dB — Suitable for blocking typical domestic sounds, such as conversations, music, and TV noise.
• RA2 (External Partitions): 41 dB — Effective at reducing external noises, such as traffic or industrial sounds.

These values make SYSTEM 3E technology an attractive solution for creating quiet, comfortable spaces, particularly in residential or mixed-use buildings.

Comparison to Other Materials

A direct comparison of acoustic insulation across different construction materials can be challenging due to variations in material density and wall thickness. However, at a thickness of just 352 mm, SYSTEM 3E offers competitive acoustic performance, comparable to or exceeding that of heavier masonry elements typically used to achieve higher sound insulation.

Conclusion

SYSTEM 3E provides effective acoustic insulation while maintaining a lightweight and energy-efficient design. With a high sound insulation index (RA1 = 44 dB, RA2 = 41 dB), SYSTEM 3E elements create quiet, peaceful indoor environments, making them a reliable and efficient alternative to heavier materials. Whether for internal or external partitions, SYSTEM 3E technology helps achieve enhanced comfort and improved acoustic privacy in modern buildings.

Fire resistance is the ability of building structures or elements to maintain their essential properties, such as stability and load-bearing capacity, under fire conditions. The technical standards (WT) specify the key requirements for fire safety, which include load-bearing capacity, fire tightness, and fire insulation. These are measured using three key indicators:

• Fire Resistance (R): This refers to a structural element’s ability to withstand fire exposure under specified mechanical conditions for a set period without losing its stability or load-bearing capacity.
• Fire Tightness (E): This measures the ability of a building element to prevent fire from passing to the unexposed side, either through flame penetration or the movement of hot gases.
• Fire Insulation (I): This indicates how well a structural element prevents the transfer of significant heat from the exposed side to the unexposed side during fire exposure.

Fire Resistance of SYSTEM 3E Elements

SYSTEM 3E elements are specifically designed to offer superior fire resistance, with an impressive REI 240+M rating. This means that SYSTEM 3E EKO+ wall constructions can endure fire exposure for up to 240 minutes without losing their load-bearing properties, without fire passing through due to flame penetration or hot gases, and without significant heat transfer to the unexposed side.

Additionally, SYSTEM 3E elements are resistant to mechanical impact (M), meaning they can withstand physical impact during a fire—something that sets them apart from other construction materials. This impact resistance is critical in ensuring the structural integrity of the building if any other components fail during a fire.

Comparison to Other Materials

Masonry elements made from cellular concrete, ceramics, and silicates also offer fire resistance, but their performance varies. Most of these materials require precise construction methods to ensure fire safety. Notably, none of these alternatives, apart from SYSTEM 3E EKO+, offer resistance to mechanical impact. This unique feature enhances the safety and performance of SYSTEM 3E in a variety of building applications, making it a reliable choice for fire safety.

Conclusion

SYSTEM 3E provides exceptional fire resistance with a REI 240+M rating, ensuring buildings can maintain their structural integrity under fire conditions for extended periods. In addition to fire resistance, SYSTEM 3E’s mechanical impact resistance further enhances safety, making it a superior choice for those seeking high-performance, fire-safe construction solutions. This combination of fire protection and impact resistance makes SYSTEM 3E an ideal material for ensuring the safety of residents and buildings in the event of a fire.

The durability of construction elements is primarily determined by their ability to withstand cyclic freezing and thawing conditions, which is essential in regions subject to temperature fluctuations. This resistance is a key factor in ensuring the longevity and stability of building materials over time.

Freeze-Thaw Resistance of Different Materials

Construction elements vary widely in their resistance to freezing and thawing:

• Autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) elements are typically considered frost-resistant when they can endure 15 freeze-thaw cycle.
• Silicate elements are often rated for 25 or 50 cycles, reflecting their ability to withstand harsher conditions.
• Ceramic materials, on the other hand, rarely specify their freeze-thaw resistance, usually only indicating general conditions such as neutral (F0) or moderate (F1) applications.

Freeze-Thaw Resistance of SYSTEM 3E

SYSTEM 3E elements are specifically engineered to provide excellent resistance to freeze-thaw conditions, with a proven performance of20 cycles. This makes SYSTEM 3E walls comparable to, or even more durable than, other construction materials such as autoclaved aerated concrete.

Conclusion

With a freeze-thaw resistance of 20 cycles, SYSTEM 3E walls offer long-lasting durability, ensuring they remain strong and stable even in regions with harsh weather conditions. The performance of SYSTEM 3E technology in this area places it on par with or above similar materials, making it a reliable choice for durable and resilient construction.

In seismic-prone regions of Europe, structures must comply with Eurocode 8 (EC8), which provides guidelines for designing buildings to withstand earthquakes. The design and static calculations for buildings using SYSTEM 3E EKO+ elements should follow Eurocode 6 (EC6) standards, as well as any relevant national interpretations and local regulations.

Seismic Design Requirements

Buildings located in seismic areas are required to meet specific safety standards, including:

• Non-collapse requirements (ultimate limit state) ensuring the structure remains stable during seismic events.
• Damage limitation requirements (damage limitation state) to minimize structural damage without compromising safety.

SYSTEM 3E’s Seismic Performance

SYSTEM 3E EKO+ elements are engineered for high compressive strength (Fk = 1.0 N/mm²) and superior resistance to bending and shear forces, which are crucial in seismic regions. The horizontal interlocks in the design of SYSTEM 3E elements significantly enhance the structure’s ability to resist loads caused by earthquakes. This is supported by experimentally determined values that show:

• Characteristic bending strength due to support joint tension: fxk1 = 0.11 N/mm².
• Bending strength due to shear of the support joints: fxk2 = 0.31 N/mm².
• Shear strength of the masonry: Fvk = 0.07 N/mm².

Recommended Construction Types for Seismic Zones

Depending on the specific building, location, and local seismic regulations, the following construction types can be considered:

• Unreinforced masonry constructions.
• Confined masonry constructions.
• Reinforced masonry constructions.

While unreinforced masonry (including traditional materials like AAC, silicates, ceramics, and SYSTEM 3E EKO+) can be used, it is generally limited in seismic zones due to its lower ductility and energy dissipation capacity. Therefore, confined or reinforced SYSTEM 3E constructions are recommended to ensure the necessary structural stability and resistance to seismic forces.

SYSTEM 3E in Seismic-Prone Areas

At SYSTEM 3E, we are actively working to provide detailed data and guidance to help construction designers use SYSTEM 3E technology in seismic regions. While EC8 guidelines for confined and reinforced masonry apply to traditional masonry buildings, the same principles can be applied to SYSTEM 3E EKO+ technology. This means that SYSTEM 3E EKO+ can be used effectively in seismic-prone areas, provided the necessary design criteria and construction standards are followed.

Conclusion

SYSTEM 3E EKO+ elements are suitable for construction in seismic-prone areas, provided that they are designed using confined or reinforced systems. With their high compressive strength and advanced structural interlocks, SYSTEM 3E elements meet or exceed the requirements for earthquake-resistant buildings, ensuring both safety and durability in seismic regions.

Yes, SYSTEM 3E EKO+ is fully commercialised and available on the market. It complies with the NCC & AN/NZ standards harmonized standards for masonry products. As the manufacturer, we provide all necessary documentation to ensure the product meets regulatory requirements, including:

• CE marking
• Declaration of Performance (DoP)
• Product Instructions
• Technical Datasheets
• Technical Recommendations

Our Factory Production Control (FPC) system is certified by the Instytut Materiałów Budowlanych i Technologii Betonu (IMBiTB), accreditation number 2311.

The commercial trade name of the product is SYSTEM 3E EKO+, and the unique product identification code is: Masonry elements made from aggregate concrete with lightweight aggregates in SYSTEM 3E EKO+ technology.

For a detailed list of SYSTEM 3E elements, including the full product range, please refer to the Technical Recommendations document, which provides comprehensive information on the available products.

1. Foundations
   SYSTEM 3E walls can be built on all traditional foundation types, including continuous footing or foundation slabs. For single-family homes, a foundation slab is the most cost-effective and practical solution.
2. Wall Finishing Materials
   SYSTEM 3E is compatible with a wide range of finishing materials available on the market. As a standard, we recommend the following:
   • Exterior: A thin-layer plaster applied over a fiber mesh with a thickness of around 7mm.
   • Interior: Gypsum-based plaster with a thickness of 15mm.
   • Alternatively, for exterior finishes, you can use Kreisel Sisitynk 040 silicate-silicone render:
     Kreisel Sisitynk 040 Render
   • For interior finishes, we recommend Kreisel Expert Cement-Lime Plaster:
     Kreisel Expert Cement-Lime Plaster
3. Windows Installation
   For window installation in SYSTEM 3E walls, we recommend using anchors and dowels specifically designed for aerated or cellular concrete. These can be found at the following suppliers:
   • Celofixings – Aerated Concrete Plugs & Anchors
   • Würth – Aerated Concrete Dowels
4. Basement Wall Detail
   SYSTEM 3E walls can be used in basements, provided they are properly insulated against water and structurally designed to withstand soil pressure.
5. Window/Lintel Detail
   To eliminate thermal bridges around windows, we recommend using PIR thermal insulation around lintels and window openings to improve energy efficiency.

By using the right combination of materials, you can achieve optimal structural integrity and energy efficiency for your SYSTEM 3E construction.

In SYSTEM 3E, we are using reinforcement concrete beams.

The average construction time is 4,5 min.

Yes, it is possible to build structures up to 3 stories high using SYSTEM 3E technology, provided that local structural requirements and engineering calculations are followed. The suitability for multi-storey buildings depends on the specific project design, including the planned spans, loads, and the recommendations of the structural engineer. Each project should be carefully evaluated to ensure the design meets all safety and regulatory standards.

Yes, SYSTEM 3E walls can withstand prolonged exposure without being covered, thanks to their **low water absorption** compared to traditional materials. The material’s characteristics include:

• **Water absorption due to capillary rise**: After 10 minutes, only **40 g/m²·s^0.5**.
• **Dimensional stability**: Moisture expansion is **less than 0.30 mm/m**.
• **Water vapour permeability**: Diffusion resistance factor is **less than 15**.

These properties allow SYSTEM 3E walls to handle humid conditions **uncovered** for extended periods without compromising their structural integrity. However, if the surface is damaged, such as through cutting or chipping, it may absorb moisture more easily. Therefore, it’s recommended to protect exposed surfaces from physical damage to maintain their performance over time.

Yes, absolutely. You can easily drill and create holes or installation grooves in walls constructed with SYSTEM 3E technology without compromising their durability or strength. This makes it possible to hang various interior items such as mirrors, cabinets, or TV sets, just like in walls built with other construction methods. SYSTEM 3E walls are designed to offer the same level of convenience and flexibility when it comes to installation as any other modern building technology.

SYSTEM 3E elements are manufactured to the highest standards and leave the factory in perfect condition. However, like any construction material (such as aerated concrete or ceramic blocks), it is important to handle and transport them properly to maintain their integrity. In the unlikely event that a 3E element is minimally chipped during transport or handling, it can easily be repaired using specialised repair mortar, ensuring that the element retains its high quality and performance. With proper care, SYSTEM 3E elements remain durable and reliable throughout the construction process.

Attaching external facades or cladding to SYSTEM 3E walls is a straightforward process, similar to traditional construction methods, such as those used with cellular concrete blocks. The most common finishing for the exterior is a thin layer of plaster applied over a fibre mesh. Thanks to the high precision of SYSTEM 3E walls, with their even surfaces, the plaster layer is consistent and typically around 7mm thick.

In addition to plaster, various cladding and rendering options can be used, including wooden panels or manufactured elevation panels, which can be fixed to a substructure. The substructure or hangers do not require additional length for thermal insulation, as SYSTEM 3E technology already provides excellent thermal performance, eliminating the need for extra insulation.

Overall, applying plaster or stone cladding to SYSTEM 3E walls is simple and efficient, offering the flexibility to achieve the desired exterior finish while maintaining high insulation standards.

SYSTEM 3E walls offer excellent load-bearing capacity, making them suitable for hanging cabinets, installing equipment, or attaching substructures for drywall and other types of cladding. You can also easily create grooves for electrical and plumbing installations.

For securely fastening items to SYSTEM 3E walls, we recommend the following mechanical fasteners:

### Recommended Fasteners:

• **Rawlplug**: R-FF1-N-08, R-FF-N-10
• **Hilti**: HRD-H, HUD-L

These fasteners are ideal for:

• Door and window frames
• Garage doors and gates
• Wall-mounted cabinets
• Satellite antennas
• Wall shelves
• Handrails
• Cable trays
• Battens for cladding

For more information, please refer to the following links:

• [Rawlplug R-FF1-N-08](https://izosystems.pl/kolki-ramowe-z-lbem-stozkowym/2680-kolki-ramowe-rawlplug-r-ff1-n-08l080-50-szt.html)
• [Rawlplug R-FX-N Nylon Hammer Fixing](https://www.fixandfast.co.uk/rawlplug-r-fx-n-nylon-hammer-fixing-40608/)
• [Hilti HRD-H and HUD-L](https://www.hilti.pl/c/CLS_FASTENER_7135/CLS_MECHANICAL_ANCHORS_7135/r4677)
• [Hilti HRD-H and HUD-L](https://www.hilti.pl/c/CLS_FASTENER_7135/CLS_MECHANICAL_ANCHORS_7135/r637)

### For Heavy-Duty Applications:

For more demanding applications such as heavy equipment or structural fixtures, we recommend using chemical anchors. These provide additional strength and security for larger installations.

• **Rawlplug**: R-KEM-II + steel rod R-STUDS-08110, R-KEM-II + steel rod R-STUDS-10130, R-KEM-II + steel rod R-STUDS 12160
• **Hilti**: HY 170 + HAS-U M8x80, HY 170 + HAS-U M8x150

These are ideal for:

• Garage gates
• High storage racks
• Heavy equipment
• Handrails and more

For more information, please refer to the following links:

• [Rawlplug R-KEM-II with Threaded Rods for Masonry](https://rawlplug.co.uk/product/r-kem-ii-with-threaded-rods-for-masonry/)
• [Hilti HY 170 + HAS-U M8x80] https://www.hilti.pl/c/CLS_FASTENER_7135/CLS_ANCHOR_RODS_ELEMENTS_7135/r9864251)

By using the appropriate fasteners, you can easily attach all necessary fixtures and ensure your SYSTEM 3E walls remain stable and reliable.

SYSTEM 3E walls are designed to be airtight and resistant to wind infiltration. When the elements are stacked, they form a monolithic structure. The gaps between the elements naturally close under the pressure of the stacked layers, creating a tight seal. Additionally, the unique labyrinthine connection of the elements further prevents air from passing through.

For added protection, a layer of plaster with mesh is applied on both sides of the wall as a finishing touch. This not only strengthens the surface but also contributes to the wall’s overall resistance to wind and air penetration, ensuring excellent thermal and acoustic performance.